India might soon approve a “game-changing” weight-loss drug that has shown promising results in helping people lose weight. This new medication could offer hope to many who struggle with obesity and related health issues. By potentially making it easier for individuals to manage their weight, this drug could lead to significant improvements in overall health and quality of life. If approved, it could mark a major step forward in the fight against obesity in India.
Tags: GS-3, Science & technology- Basic Biology- Pharma
Context:
- India’s drug regulator, the CDSCO (under DCGI), has for the first time approved the weight loss drug tirzepatide.
- Pending final regulatory review, this decision will pave the way for US-based Eli Lilly to launch tirzepatide in the Indian market.
The Development of Various Weight Loss Drugs:
- Significant Advancement in Obesity Treatment:
- The development of various weight loss drugs has marked a significant advancement in the treatment of obesity, particularly in regions like the US and Europe.
- FDA Approval of Wegovy and Zepbound:
- The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Wegovy (semaglutide) and Zepbound (tirzepatide) for chronic weight management in adults.
- Target Population:
- These drugs are recommended for individuals who:
- Have obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) over 30.
- Are overweight, with a BMI ranging between 27 and 30.
- Have at least one other health condition related to their weight, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or type 2 diabetes.
About Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Drugs:
- Polypeptides for Hormonal Boost:
- Semaglutide and tirzepatide are administered via subcutaneous injections and belong to the class of polypeptides, which are small proteins that elevate levels of naturally-occurring hormones in the body.
- Role of GLP-1 in Weight Control:
- These drugs primarily enhance glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) levels, which regulate weight through actions in the brain and digestive tract.
- Effect on Satiety:
- Increased GLP-1 levels in the gut induce a sensation of satiety, signalling to the brain that the body has consumed enough food.
- Management of Glucose Levels:
- Besides weight control, semaglutide and tirzepatide effectively manage glucose levels, making them beneficial treatments for diabetes.
- Dual Hormonal Action of Tirzepatide:
- Tirzepatide not only targets GLP-1 receptors but also enhances glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), another hormone that regulates weight through interactions with brain and fat cell receptors.
- The synergistic effects of GLP-1 and GIP further amplify their weight management properties.
- Global Trials and Regulatory Clearance:
- Global trials, including participation from Indian populations, have shown promising results for Zepbound (tirzepatide).
- Based on these findings, Zepbound has received regulatory clearance in India.
- However, a phase IV trial is mandated post-marketing to monitor and assess potential side effects comprehensively.
Side Effects and Limitations of Zepbound Drug:
- Prescription Medicine:
- Zepbound is strictly a prescription medicine and is not intended for cosmetic weight loss purposes.
- Common Side Effects:
- According to Eli Lilly, common side effects of Zepbound include:
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Vomiting
- Constipation
- Abdominal pain
- Indigestion
- Injection-site reactions
- Fatigue
- Allergic reactions
- Belching
- Hair loss
- Heartburn
- Risk of Thyroid Tumours:
- Eli Lilly specifically warns about the potential risk of thyroid tumours, including thyroid cancer, associated with the use of Zepbound.
- Long-term Treatment Requirement:
- Obesity drugs like Zepbound are not quick-fix solutions for weight loss. They need to be used regularly and consistently to maintain weight loss and other therapeutic effects.
- Chronic Disease Management:
- Obesity is a complex and chronic disease that requires ongoing management throughout one’s life.
- Therefore, treatment with Zepbound should be part of a comprehensive approach to managing obesity, including lifestyle changes and regular medical supervision
Source: IE
FAQs
Q: What is this ‘game-changing’ weight-loss drug?
- Answer: This drug is a new medication designed to help people lose weight more effectively. It works by suppressing appetite or increasing metabolism, making it easier for individuals to shed extra pounds when combined with a healthy diet and exercise.
Q: Why is this weight-loss drug considered ‘game-changing’?
- Answer: It’s considered ‘game-changing’ because it has shown impressive results in clinical trials, helping people lose significant amounts of weight safely. This drug could offer new hope to those struggling with obesity, a condition that can lead to various health problems.
Q: How soon could this drug be available in India?
- Answer: The exact timeline isn’t clear yet, but regulatory authorities in India are reviewing the drug. If it passes all safety and efficacy checks, it could be approved and available within a few months to a year.
Q: Who can use this weight-loss drug?
- Answer**: This drug is typically intended for people who are obese or overweight and have not been able to lose weight through diet and exercise alone. A doctor will need to prescribe it, ensuring it’s suitable for the patient’s health condition.
Q: Are there any side effects of this weight-loss drug?
- Answer: Like all medications, this weight-loss drug may have some side effects. Common side effects might include nausea, headache, or digestive issues. It’s important for individuals to consult with their healthcare provider to understand the risks and benefits before starting the medication.
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