NCERT Notes

An earthquake is a vibration or oscillation of the surface of the Earth caused by the elasticity or the isostatic adjustment of the rocks, beneath the surface of the Earth.

The Earth’s crust is primarily composed of rocks, which are aggregates of one or more minerals. These rocks undergo transformations leading to three general classes: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Latitudes and longitudes serve as imaginary lines for pinpointing a location on Earth. The Earth’s shape is a Geoid, and the coordinates of a place can be specified using latitudes and longitudes.

Studying the motions of the Earth is an essential aspect of understanding the dynamics of our planet’s physical processes. The UPSC NCERT notes

The study of the origin and evolution of Earth stands as a cornerstone in understanding the dynamic forces shaping our planet over billions of years

the fundamental concepts of Geography, especially those pertaining to the universe and the solar system, holds paramount importance.

The term ‘Geography’ was coined by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes in the third century BCE. It represents a scientific field dedicated to exploring the lands, features, and phenomena of Earth. 

Rural and urban development constitutes a significant aspect of India’s socio-economic fabric, encompassing policies, challenges, and strategies crucial for inclusive growth and sustainable development.

Social welfare schemes refer to programs mandated and overseen by government entities with the aim of delivering social advantages to either the entire community or specific segments thereof.

UPSC NCERT Notes on Indian Economy focusing on Poverty and Unemployment serve as indispensable tools for aspirants aiming to crack the Civil Services Examination