UPSC Notes

The political, administrative, and economic unification of a country represents a transformative and often complex process that aims to forge a cohesive and integrated nation

Nationalism in India during the colonial period was indeed a political and cultural movement that sought to promote a sense of national identity and pride among Indians.

Socio-cultural reform movements during the modern history of India played a pivotal role in shaping the nation’s social fabric and fostering a spirit of inclusivity and progress.

Socio-Religious Reform Movements in 19th and early 20th century India were transformative endeavors that sought to address the prevalent social and religious issues, advocating for progressive change

Lord Lytton’s “Policy of Proud Reserve” aimed to establish scientific frontiers, clarify relations with Afghanistan and safeguard British spheres of influence.

John Lawrence’s policy of “masterly inactivity” was a strategic approach during his tenure from 1864 to 1869, primarily in response to the challenges posed by the First Afghan War.

The Policy of Ring Fence, established by Warren Hastings (1765–1813), was a strategic approach adopted by the British East India Company to secure its frontiers and maintain stability in the regions surrounding its territories.

The Carnatic War, unfolding during the 18th century, was a significant conflict that occurred along the Indian coastline, particularly in the princely state of Hyderabad.

The socio-economic conditions of India during the 18th century were marked by several complex factors that shaped its trajectory

The Later Mughals, a crucial phase in Indian history spanning the 18th century, marked the decline and disintegration of the once formidable Mughal Empire.