Introduction:
The National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) signifies a significant step towards meeting India’s growing energy security needs in an environmentally sustainable manner. With the aim of achieving energy independence by 2047 and Net Zero by 2070, the mission is poised to reshape India’s energy landscape.
Body:
National Hydrogen Mission: A Transformative Force
- Reducing Dependence on Imported Fossil Fuels: By prioritizing the production of green hydrogen from renewable sources like wind and solar power, the NGHM aims to replace imported fossil fuels, enhancing energy security and reducing dependence.
- Energy Storage and Grid Stability: Utilizing excess electricity from renewables for hydrogen production through electrolysis contributes to grid stability. This innovative approach addresses concerns related to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources.
- Transportation Sector Transformation: Encouraging the use of hydrogen fuel cells in various modes of transportation diversifies fuels, reducing the demand for imported oil and fortifying energy security.
- Industrial Decarbonization: Supporting industries in adopting green hydrogen as a cleaner energy source not only reduces carbon emissions but also enhances energy security by decreasing reliance on fossil fuels.
- Rural Electrification and Energy Access: Enabling decentralized green hydrogen production extends reliable and sustainable energy access to remote areas, contributing to energy security in underserved regions.
Expected Outcomes:
- The NGHM targets a green hydrogen production capacity of 5 MMT per annum by 2030, accompanied by 125 GW of renewable energy capacity addition, investments exceeding Eight lakh crore, employment generation for approximately Six lakh people, and a reduction of Rs.
- One lakh crore in overall fossil fuel imports, leading to a substantial abatement of 50 MMT of annual greenhouse gas emissions.
Challenges:
- Despite the mission’s potential, challenges include the relatively high cost of producing hydrogen from renewable sources compared to fossil fuels and uncertainties regarding achieving the target of becoming a high-tech manufacturing hub. India’s weak manufacturing base and its inability to effectively absorb global capital further pose challenges.
Way Ahead:
- To ensure the success of the NGHM, India should strengthen the infrastructure of small manufacturing and allied enterprises, pivotal components of the green economy.
- Coordination among various government entities, a public-private partnership (PPP) model for investment and policy support, and focused efforts to enhance the manufacturing base are essential for making the mission a game changer in the energy sector.
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