UPSC Prelims 2017 – Question 45

Here is Question No. 45 a part of our series on UPSC Prelims 2017

Q45. With reference to agriculture in India, how can the technique of ‘genome sequencing’ often seen in the news, be used in the immediate future?

1. Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers for disease resistance and drought tolerance in various crop plants.
2. It can be used to decipher the host-pathogen relationships in crops.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3. 

• Genome sequencing is the process of determining the order of DNA nucleotides, or bases, in a genome—the sequence of As, Cs, Gs, and Ts that comprise an organism’s DNA. 
• There are over 3 billion of these genetic letters in the human genome. 
• Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers in crop plants for disease resistance and drought tolerance. 
• Genome sequencing is a technique that will aid in genetic engineering, reducing the time required to develop new crop plant varieties.  
• It can be used to decipher host-pathogen relationships in crops. 
• Hence, Option 4 is correct. 

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