Here is Question No. 37 a part of our series on UPSC Prelims 2020.
Q37. In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology, ‘Pronuclear Transfer” is used for
(a) Fertilization of egg in vitro by the donor sperm
(b) Genetic modification of sperm-producing cells
(c) Development of stem cells into functional embryos
(d) Prevention of mitochondrial diseases in offspring
Answer: D
- The pronucleus is the nucleus of a sperm or an egg cell during the process of fertilization. The sperm cell becomes a pronucleus only after the sperm enters the ovum, but before the fusion of genetic material of the sperm and egg Pronuclear transfer involves the transfer of pronuclei from one zygote to another. This technique first requires the fertilization of healthy donated eggs (provided by the mitochondrial donor) with the intended male parent sperm. Mutations in maternal DNA are a cause of mitochondrial disease, a heterogeneous group of diseases that can lead to premature death, sometimes in infancy or childhood.
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