UPSC Prelims 2020 – Question 47

Q47. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the general difference between plant and animal cells?

1. Plant cells have cellulose cell walls whilst animal cells do not.
2. Plant cells do not have plasma membranes, unlike animal cells which do.
3. A mature plant cell has one large vacuole whilst an animal cell has many small vacuoles.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: C

• Statement 1 is correct: The plant cell wall is mainly composed of cellulose. Cellulose is a complex substance and provides structural strength to plants. Animal cells do not have cellulose.
• Statement 2 is not correct: Animal cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all plant cells. Both plant and animal cells have plasma membranes.
• Statement 3 is correct: Plant and animal cells are different as the former possess cell walls, chloroplasts, plastids and a large central vacuole which are absent in animal cells. It occupies more than 30%of the cell’s volume, and that can occupy as much as 80% of the volume for certain cell types and conditions. An animal cell has many small vacuoles.

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