BIMSTEC operates as a regional cooperative organization, distinct from SAARC, fostering collaboration among nations in South and Southeast Asia. While both aim for regional integration, BIMSTEC’s smaller, more cohesive membership enables greater cooperation, circumventing SAARC’s challenges. India strategically utilizes BIMSTEC to bolster regional connectivity, trade, and security, aligning with its Act East policy.
UPSC Mains General Studies Paper – 2 Mains 2022
UPSC Mains Civil Services IAS Exam Question Paper – 2022
Approach
- Introduce by emphasizing the key word “BIMSTEC and SAARC” with goal, objective, vision, and perspectives.
- Differentiation should be on the value of the function and detailing achievement journey with both the organization.
- Briefly detailing the role of India’s foreign policy among the members of BIMSTEC and SAARC nations.
- Accordingly, conclude it.
Answer
Introduction
BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) is a regional organization that was established in 1997 to promote economic and technical cooperation among the countries of the Bay of Bengal region. The member countries of BIMSTEC are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Body
BIMSTEC is not a parallel organization to the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), but rather a complementary organization that aims to promote regional cooperation in the Bay of Bengal region. Both BIMSTEC and SAARC are regional organizations that seek to promote economic and technical cooperation among their member countries, but there are some key differences between the two.
Some of the similarities and differences between BIMSTEC and SAARC are:
- Membership: Both BIMSTEC and SAARC include India as a member, but BIMSTEC includes additional countries from the Bay of Bengal region, such as Myanmar and Thailand, which are not members of SAARC. SAARC includes Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka as members.
- Focus: Both BIMSTEC and SAARC have a broad focus on economic and technical cooperation, but BIMSTEC has a particular focus on promoting connectivity and development in the Bay of Bengal region. SAARC has a broader focus on regional cooperation in South Asia.
- Participation: Both BIMSTEC and SAARC have observer countries that participate in their activities, but the list of observers is different for each organization. BIMSTEC has observer countries such as Australia, China, Japan, and the United States, while SAARC has observer countries such as China, the European Union, Iran, and the United States.
India’s foreign policy objectives can be realized by forming BIMSTEC in several ways.
Conclusion
For example, BIMSTEC provides a platform for India to engage with its neighbors in the Bay of Bengal region and promote economic and technical cooperation, which can contribute to regional stability and prosperity. BIMSTEC also offers opportunities for India to enhance connectivity with its neighbors through infrastructure development and trade facilitation, which can benefit Indian businesses and facilitate the movement of goods and people in the region.
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