Q59. With reference to Indian history, consider the following statements:
- The Dutch established their factories/ warehouses on the East Coast on lands granted to them by Gajapati rulers.
- Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate
- The English East India Company established a factory at Madras on a plot of land leased from a representative of the Vijayanagara Empire.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer – B
- Statement 1 is incorrect: The first factory established by the Dutch was in Masulipatnam in 1605, whereas Gajapati’s rule lasted till the middle of the 16th century. Kapilendra, the minister of Bhanudeva IV (1414- 1435), usurped the throne in 1435 and laid the foundation of the Gajapati rule in Odisha. After Pratapa Rudra’s death (1540), his successors could hardly hold the empire intact, and the end of the Suryavamsi (Gajapati) dynasty came soon after (1542), whereas the Dutch East India The company was formed in 1602 through a charter.
- Statement 2 is correct: Albuquerque acquired Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur in 1510 with ease; the principal port of the Sultan of Bijapur became “the first bit of Indian territory to be under the Europeans since the time of Alexander the Great”.
- Statement 3 is correct. The rulers of Vijayanagara appointed chieftains called Nayaks to rule independently in their areas. Darmala Venkatadri Nayaka was in charge of what is Chennai today. He gave land to the British on which they established settlements of British factory workers and merchants.
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