Welcome to this week’s current affairs quiz, where we’ll test your knowledge on the latest and most significant events happening around the world. In a rapidly changing global landscape, staying informed is essential. This quiz aims to challenge your understanding of the key developments in politics, science, technology, culture, and more. So, whether you’re a news enthusiast or just looking to keep up with the world’s happenings, join us as we delve into the headlines of the week and put your current affairs expertise to the test. Let’s get started!
Q 1. Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: An accommodative stance means the Reserve Bank of India is prepared to decrease the money supply to control the Inflation.
Statement-II: The central bank, during an accommodative policy period cut the interest rates.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (d)
| Accomodative Stances of RBI | |
| Accommodative: | An accommodative stance means the central bank is prepared to expand the money supply to boost economic growth. The central bank, during an accommodative policy period, is willing to cut the interest rates. A rate hike is ruled out. The central bank typically adopts an accommodative policy when growth needs policy support and inflation is not the immediate concern. |
Q 2. If the RBI decides to adopt an expansionist monetary policy, which of the following would it do?
- Cut and optimize the Cash Reserve Ratio
- Increase the Marginal Standing Facility Rate
- Decrease Bank Rate
- Increase the interest rate.
How many of the above statements are correct regarding expansionist monetary policy?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Only three
(d) All four
Answer: (b)
If the RBI decides to adopt an expansionist monetary policy, it would
- Cut and optimize the Cash Reserve Ratio
- Decrease the Marginal Standing Facility Rate
- Decrease Bank Rate
- Decrease the interest rate.
Q 3. Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: The Mewar school of miniature painting renowned for vibrant colors and intricate narratives within a single frame flourished from the 17th to the 18th century.
Statement-II: Allah Baksh a Mewari painter during Maharana Jai Singh’s reign (1653-98), is renowned for creating comprehensive depictions of the entire Mahabharata.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (a)
Allah Baksh and Mewari Style Painting
Allah Baksh, a Mewari miniature painter late 17th century, portrayed the Interpretation of Mahabharata in his Painting and is known for his intricate and delightful representation.
Allah Baksh
- Allah Baksh, a notable Mewari painter during Maharana Jai Singh’s reign (1653-98), is renowned for creating comprehensive depictions of the entire Mahabharata and including every shloka of the Gita.
- Each painting by Allah Baksh meticulously portrays the details of characters’ costumes, the flora and fauna in the background, and the depiction of magical and mystical events.
- These miniatures encapsulate a delightful representation of the Mahabharata, showcasing a dialogue between the verbal and visual imaginations of the poet and the painter.
Q 4. Consider the following statements:
- Dandeli forest is located in the Odisha and is part of the eastern Ghats.
- The Kali Tiger Reserve (KTR) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located adjacent to the Dandeli Forest.
- Dandeli are a mixture of dense deciduous trees interspersed with bamboo and teak plantations.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (b)
Dandeli Forest
In recent years, rising temperatures and changing rainfall patterns in the Dandeli forest area are impacting the forest ecosystem and the people living around them and dependent on them.
About:
- Dandeli forest is located in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka and is part of the Western Ghats, a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot.
- The forest is known for its rich biodiversity, including a diverse range of flora and fauna, making it an important wildlife habitat.
- There are around 100 different types of grasses that grow in the undergrowth of the Dandeli forest.
- Dandeli are a mixture of dense deciduous trees interspersed with bamboo and teak plantations.
- The Kali Tiger Reserve (KTR) is a protected area adjacent to the Dandeli Forest.
- KTR is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and global biodiversity hotspot. The reserve derives its name from the Kali River, which flows through the region.
- The Tiger Reserve comprises two important protected areas of the region viz., Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary and Anshi National Park.
Q 5. Consider the following Protected Areas:
- Nagarhole National Park
- Papikonda National Park
- Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve
How many of the above protected areas are located in Godavri River Basin correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (a)
- Papikonda National Park is located in Godawari Basin.
- Nagarhole National Park – located in the Kodagu district of Karnataka. It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
- Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve -located at the confluence region of Western and Eastern Ghats. It is also a part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
Q 6. Consider the followinf statements:
- Shri Ramalinga Swamy was a prominent Tamil poet in the 19th century.
- He introduced the concept of “Jeeva Karunyam,” advocating non-violence and reverence for all life forms.
- Vallalar was strongly against the caste system and initiated the ‘Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam’ in 1865.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (c)
Shri Ramalinga Swamy
Recently, The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi addressed on the occasion of the 200th birth anniversary (5 October 1823 – 30 January 1874) of Shri Ramalinga Swamy also known as Vallalar.
About:
- Shri Ramalinga Swamy was a prominent Tamil poet in the 19th century.
- He belonged to a line of Tamil saints known as ‘gnana siddhars’ (gnana meaning higher wisdom).
- Vallalar was strongly against the caste system and initiated the ‘Samarasa Vedha Sanmarga Sangam’ in 1865, later renamed ‘Samarasa Suddha Sanmarga Sathya Sangam.’
- According to Suddha Sanmarga, the prime aspects of human life should be love, connected with charity and divine practice, leading to pure knowledge.
- Vallalar’s vision transcends religious, caste, and creed barriers, recognizing divinity in every atom of the universe.
- Establishments:
- He established ‘The Sathya Dharma Salai,’ a free food facility in Vadalur, Tamil Nadu in 1867, serving all people without caste distinctions.
- Vallalar opened the ‘Sathya Gnana Sabha’ (Hall of True Knowledge) in Vadalur.
- This aimed to propagate spiritual knowledge and foster a sense of unity among people.
- Philosophical Beliefs and Teachings:
- He introduced the concept of “Jeeva Karunyam,” advocating non-violence and reverence for all life forms.
- One of Vallalar’s primary teachings was “Service to Living Beings is the path of Liberation/Moksha.”
- He forbade killing animals for the sake of food and advocated feeding the poor as the highest form of worship.
- Vallalar believed that the intelligence possessed by humans is illusory (Maya) intelligence and not accurate or final.
Q 7. Consider the following statements:
- Automatic Status Holder certification program provides credibility to Indian exporters in the international markets.
- Status Holder certified exporters are exempted from filing Bank Guarantees for FTP schemes.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (c)
Automatic ‘Status Holder’ Certificates Boost Indian Exports
Recently, the Union Commerce Minister unveiled system-based automatic ‘Status Holder’ certificates under Foreign Trade Policy 2023.
About:
- The Status Holder certification program provides credibility to Indian exporters in the international markets.
- At present, the exporter is required to file an online application along with an export certificate from a chartered accountant for the grant of status. The DGFT Regional Offices will then issue the certificate in three days.
- The new arrangement eliminates the need for exporters to apply for a Status Certificate manually, relying instead on an IT system’s assessment based on available merchandise export data and risk parameters from the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCIS).
- In addition, it provides certain other privileges including simplified procedures under FTP 2023 and priority custom clearances on a self-declaration basis, exemption from compulsory negotiation of documents through banks, exemption from filing Bank Guarantees for FTP schemes, etc.
- This shift reduces compliance burdens and fosters ease of doing business.
- This initiative, recognizing about 20,000 exporters as Status Holders, is poised to significantly boost the export ecosystem and help achieve India’s export target of USD 2 Trillion by 2030.
Q 8. Consider the following statements:
- Churpi is a cheese product prepared from the milk of Arunachali yak.
- Chewy sticky rice variety hails from the Namsai region of Assam.
- Bodo tribe of Changlang district are famous for their exotic designs and vibrant colors of Tangsa Textiles.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (a)
Pradesh Gets GI Tags for Three Products
Three indigenous products from Arunachal Pradesh – Yak Churpi, Khamti rice and Tangsa textile – have been granted the prestigious GI Tag by the GI Registry.
About:
Arunachal Yak Churpi:
- Churpi is a cheese product prepared from the milk of Arunachali yak.
- Arunachali yak is a rare breed found primarily in the West Kameng and Tawang districts of Arunachal Pradesh.
- It is reared by tribal yak pastoralists known as Brokpas.
- It is widely consumed in the Himalayan region of India, Nepal and Bhutan.
- Health Benefits and Usage: Churpi is rich in proteins and serves as a vital source of nutrition in the vegetation-scarce, cold, and hilly mountainous regions of Arunachal Pradesh.
Khaw Tai (Khamti Rice):
- Khaw Tai, a chewy sticky rice variety, hails from the Namsai region and is cultivated by traditional Khampti tribal farmers.
Tangsa Textile:
- Textile products of the Tangsa tribe of Changlang district are famous for their exotic designs and vibrant colors.
- This traditional craftsmanship reflects the cultural richness of the region.
Q 9. Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: Geographical indications are recognized as a part of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under the Paris Convention.
Statement-II: The first product in India to be accorded with GI tag was Darjeeling tea in the year 2004-05.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (b)
| GI Tag: |
| A geographical indication (GI) tag is a name or sign used on certain products that correspond to a specific geographical location or origin. Geographical indications are recognized as a part of intellectual property rights (IPRs) under Articles 1(2) and 10 of the Paris Convention and also under Articles 22 to 24 of the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement In India, GI Tag registration is administered by the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 which allowed India to join the WTO and sign the convention. A registered GI is valid for 10 years. It can be renewed from time to time for a further period of 10 years each. The first product in India to be accorded with GI tag was Darjeeling tea in the year 2004-05. |
Q 10. Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: Ichamati River is a transboundary river that flows through India and Nepal.
Statement-II: Ichhamati River and its tributaries form a large oxbow lake complex.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (d)
National Waterways 44 (Ichamati River)
Recently, The Minister of State for Ports, Shipping and Waterways inaugurated the dredging work at National Waterways 44, Ichamati River in West Bengal.
About:
- Ichamati River is actually a transboundary river that flows through India and Bangladesh.
- The river is divided into three parts.
- The longer part flows from the Mathabhanga River, a distributary of the Padma, and after flowing for 208 km joins the Kalindi River near Hasnabad in North 24 Parganas and Debhata in Satkhira District.
- Additionally, Ichhamati River and its tributaries form a large oxbow lake complex in North 24-Paraganas district near Bangaon.
- However, the river faces challenges such as silt accumulation leading to reduced flow in dry seasons and flooding during the rainy season.
- National Waterways like Ichamati are essential for transportation, with India boasting 111 such inland waterways spanning a total of 14,500 kilometres.
- The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) oversees their development and regulation, facilitating the movement of around 55 million tonnes of cargo annually through Inland Water Transport (IWT).
Q 11. Consider the following statements:
- Cholera is a water-borne disease caused by virus Vibrio cholerae.
- It is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine.
- There is no WHO approved vaccine available for Cholera till now.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (a)
Cholera
According to the World Health Organization (WHO)’s weekly Epidemiological Record, the World reported more than twice as many cholera cases in 2022 as it did in 2021.
About:
- Cholera is a water-borne disease caused by two strains called O1 and O139 of the bacteria Vibrio cholerae.
- Of these, O1 is responsible for almost all outbreaks; outbreaks of O139 are rare and none have been recorded outside Asia.
- It is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine.
- Symptoms:
- Profuse watery diarrhoea, Vomiting, Leg cramps etc.
- The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but sometimes can be severe.
- Transmission:
- It is transmitted to humans through water or food which is contaminated with the cholera bacterium.
- The disease can spread rapidly in areas with inadequate treatment of sewage and drinking water.
- Vaccine:
- Currently there are three WHO pre-qualified Oral Cholera Vaccines (OCV), Dukoral, Shanchol, and Euvichol-Plus.
- All three vaccines require two doses for full protection.
Q 12. Consider the following statements:
Statement-I: Copyright refers to the legal protection provided to creators of literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, as well as producers of cinematograph films and sound recordings
Statement-II: Copyright infringement occurs when a copyrighted work is used without authorization, particularly if a substantial part of the work is reproduced.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (a)
Copyright Infringement and Passing Off
Recently, The Delhi High Court has issued summons to an Instagram account called People of India (POI), in a copyright infringement suit filed by the storytelling platform Humans of Bombay (HOB).
About:
Copyright infringement:
- It occurs when a copyrighted work is used without authorization, particularly if a substantial part of the work is reproduced.
- In HOB’s case, the court observed “substantial imitation” between HOB and POI, but the degree of what is considered “substantial” can vary.
Copyright:
- Copyright refers to the legal protection provided to creators of literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, as well as producers of cinematograph films and sound recordings.
- Unlike the case with patents, copyright protects the expressions and not the ideas.
- Copyright owners have the right to take legal action against infringers, including seeking remedies such as injunctions, damages, and accounts.
Passing Off:
- In the Cadila Healthcare Limited vs. Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited case, 2001 the Supreme Court ruled that passing off is a form of unfair trade competition through which one party attempts to benefit from the reputation established by another in a particular trade or business.
More Information:
- In the recent case of HOB vs. POI, HOB sought an injunction to prevent the infringement of their copyrighted content.
- This dispute stems from significant similarities in their storytelling methods, with HOB asserting that POI copied their content.
- This case emphasizes substantial legal concepts including copyright infringement, injunctions, and passing off.
- An injunction is a court order that typically directs someone to stop a particular action.
- However, obtaining an injunction is not a guarantee that all instances of misuse will be rectified immediately, as enforcing it can be challenging.
Q 13. Consider the following statements:
- Platypuses inhabit a variety of freshwater ecosystems throughout world
- Platypuses are categorised as monotremes, a distinct order of mammals that lay eggs.
- Male platypuses possess a venomous spur on their ankles, a feature uncommon among mammals
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (b)
Platypus
In News: Recent research sheds light on a troubling situation related to water-dwelling animal, Platypuses (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), following the 2019–20 Black Summer bushfires in eastern Australia.
About
- Platypuses are a unique Australian species known for their distinctive characteristics. They have streamlined bodies and flat tails covered in dense, waterproof fur, offering excellent thermal insulation.
- Platypuses are categorised as monotremes, a distinct order of mammals that lay eggs, and they are closely related to echidnas.
- Male platypuses possess a venomous spur on their ankles, a feature uncommon among mammals, primarily used during the breeding season. While not usually lethal, their venom can cause severe pain and swelling in humans.
Habitat and Distribution:
- Platypuses inhabit a variety of freshwater ecosystems throughout Australia. They can be found in diverse landscapes ranging from tropical rainforest lowlands to the plateaus of northern Queensland and even in cold, high-altitude regions like Tasmania and the Australian Alps.
Seasonality and Behaviour:
- Platypuses are active year-round, displaying a preference for twilight and nighttime activity. They often take refuge in burrows along riverbanks, rocky crevices, or among stream debris.
Feeding Habits:
- These unique creatures primarily feed at night on a wide array of aquatic invertebrates. Their diet includes insect larvae, shrimps, swimming beetles, water bugs, tadpoles, worms, and other aquatic prey.
- Larger prey items are typically consumed after being captured and left to float on the water’s surface.
Predators and Threats:
- Platypuses face a range of natural predators, including crocodiles, goannas, carpet pythons, eagles, and large native fish.
- They are also vulnerable to land-based predators such as foxes, dogs, and dingoes. Additionally, ectoparasites, various tick species, and fungal infections can impact their health.
Conservation Status:
- The IUCN Red List classifies the platypus as “Near Threatened.”
Q 14. Consider the following statements
Statement-I: Glaciers are large masses of ice that form from the accumulation and compaction of snow over long periods.
Statement-II: 10% of the Earth’s land area is covered by glaciers.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is the correct explanation for Statement- I
(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement- II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I.
(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct
Answer: (a)
Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in Sikkim
Recently, Flash floods occurred in north Sikkim after the South Lhonak Lake burst due to incessant rains.
Glaciers:
- Glaciers are large masses of ice that form from the accumulation and compaction of snow over long periods.
- They shape the terrain and play a significant influence in the climate and hydrology of the planet by storing and releasing freshwater as they gently flow downhill under the weight and gravity of their own mass.
- 10% of the Earth’s land area is covered by glaciers, but they are quickly thinning down in much of the world, with cascade effects on downstream systems.
Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF):
- When water that has been held behind a glacier or a moraine is quickly released, it can cause a sudden, possibly disastrous flood known as a GLOF.
- These floods occur when water builds up behind weak moraine barriers in glacial lakes created by melting ice.
- The high slopes of the Himalayan region make it particularly sensitive to GLOFs.
- More than 300 glacial lakes presently exist in the region, eleven of which have been recognised as being at risk of outburst floods.
- Numerous events, such as earthquakes, very strong rainfall, and ice avalanches, may trigger GLOF.
- Some GLOFs in India:
- The unusually heavy rains that Uttarakhand experienced in June 2013 caused the melting of the Chorabari glacier and the eruption of the Mandakini river.
- A glacier lake outburst flood struck the Ladakh settlement of Gya in August 2014.
The Chamoli district in Uttarakhand had flash floods in February 2021, which are said to have been caused by GLOFs.
Q 15. What is the importance of developing Chabahar Port by India?
(a) India’s trade with African countries will enormously increase.
(b) India’s relations with oil-producing Arab countries will be strengthened.
(c) India will not depend on Pakistan for access to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
(d) Pakistan will facilitate and protect the installation of a gas pipeline between Iraq and India.
Answer: (c)
Option (c) is correct: The Chabahar port project was signed in 2003. Chabahar Port is situated in Sistan and Baluchistan province in the Southeastern part of Iran, on the Gulf of Oman. In December 2018, India took over the operations of the Port. It was being operated by India Ports Global Private Limited.
It has been a symbol of traditionally important geopolitical significance of Chabahar port for India-Iran ties Boost trade ties, diplomatic ties and military ties with Iran. Provides India with better connectivity to Afghanistan bypassing Pakistan. Hence option 3 is correct.
It will be the gateway to the International North-South Transport Corridor which is a combination of road, rail and sea routes connecting Russia, Europe, Central Asia, Iran and India.
Q 16. Consider the following statements:
- Capital infusion into public sector banks by the Government of India has steadily increased in the last decade.
- To put the public sector banks in order, the merger of associate banks with the parent State Bank of India has been affected.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (b)
- Capital infusion into public sector banks by the Government of India has not steadily increased in the last decade, there has been a fall in between. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
- Merging of the banks would help in strengthening the bargening power of the banks, reduce operational expenditure, enhance capital efficiency, streamline banking operations and reduce their NPA burden. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
Q 17. Consider the following statements:
1. Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only.
2. Only some cyclones develop an eye.
3. The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10ºC lesser than that of the surroundings.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: (a)
- Jet streams occur in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
- Extra-tropical cyclones may not always have an eye, whereas mostly mature storms have well-developed eyes. Rapidly intensifying storms may develop an extremely small, clear, and circular eye, sometimes referred to as a pinhole eye. Hence statement 2 is correct.
- It is warmer and not colder inside the eye of the tropical cyclone. The warmer temperature is what drives the storm. Hence statement 3 is not correct
Q 18. In the South Atlantic and South-Eastern Pacific regions in tropical latitudes, cyclone does not originate. What is the reason?
a. Sea surface temperatures are low
b. Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone seldom occurs
c. Coriolis force is too weak
d. Absence of land in those regions
Answer: (b)
- Sea surface temperatures run a shade cooler than the one ideal for tropical cyclone formation. Climatologically high values of vertical wind shear across that basin throughout the year even in summer.
- Vorticity: Lack of pre-existing centres of rotation in the area. Absence of tropical waves. The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITZC), which shifts toward the north in northern summer and toward the south in the southern summer, usually stays at or north of the equator.
- The tropospheric vertical wind shear is much too strong and there is typically no inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) over the ocean. Without an ITCZ to provide synoptic vorticity and convergence resulting in large-scale spin and thunderstorm activity as well as having strong wind shear, it becomes very difficult to generate tropical cyclones.
Q 19. In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?
(a) Creating the artificial rains in some regions
(b) Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
(c) Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
(d) Reducing the global warming
Answer: (d)
- Cirrus clouds, which are at a height of 10 km above the Earth’s surface. Cirrus clouds also trap the heat, thinning them could cool down the Earth system.
- Thinning of cirrus clouds could be achieved by injecting ice nuclei (such as dust) into regions where cirrus clouds form, making the ice crystals bigger and reducing the cirrus optical depth.
- Thinning of the clouds could allow more heat to escape into space, thereby cooling the planet. The stratospheric aerosol injection could limit rising temperatures that are causing climate change.
Q 20. The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of:
- brown forest soil
- granite and schist
- shale and limestone
- fissure volcanic rock
Answer: (d)
Option (d) is correct: India’s black cotton soil is created as a result of fissure volcanic rock weathering. The majority of the black soil is derived from volcanic rocks which are formed in the Deccan Plateau (Rajmahal trap and Deccan).
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