Understanding the intricacies of social change in the context of modern society and development is essential for comprehending the complex dynamics that shape the contemporary world. Within the framework of the UPSC Mains examination, the optional subject of sociology has underscored the significance of unraveling the multifaceted dimensions of social change and its interplay with the process of development. With a meticulous analysis of the UPSC Mains question papers spanning the years 2013 to 2023, this blog seeks to shed light on the nuanced patterns, evolving perspectives, and critical issues that have defined the landscape of social change and development in the modern era. By delving into the thematic trajectories and thought-provoking questions emphasized by the UPSC, this blog endeavors to provide a comprehensive guide for aspirants navigating the intricate terrain of social transformation and development, enabling them to grasp the complexities and implications of societal changes within the broader framework of contemporary India.
Exploring the intricate dynamics of social transformation, economic development, and cultural evolution, this blog aims to offer valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of social change in the modern context. By dissecting the thought-provoking questions posed in the UPSC Mains examinations, it seeks to shed light on the interconnections between societal changes, developmental trajectories, and the evolving nature of human experiences in the modern world. Through this exploration, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between social change, development, and the broader societal fabric, fostering a nuanced perspective on the challenges and opportunities inherent in the complex process of modern societal transformations.
Social change in Modern Society and Development – Previous Year Questions (UPSC CSE Mains Sociology Optional)
1. Trace the trajectory of development perspectives on social change. (2022)
2. Critically examine the contribution of dependency theories in understanding the present global scenario. (2021)
3. Technology has accelerated the process of development and dependency. Discuss (2020)
4. Feminist scholars argue that ‘New media’ is masculine and hence reinforces structural hierarchies rather than reconfiguring them. Comment. (2019)
5. Criticize A.G. Frank’s ‘development of underdevelopment’. (2019)
6. Does collapse of functionalism and bankruptcy of Marxism coincide with the rupture of modernity? Discuss. (2018)
7. Is the theory of cultural lag valid in present times? Discuss. (2018)
8. Assess the role of mass media as an agent of social change. (2017)
9. Examine any two theories of social change in detail (2017)
10. “Social conflict is both a cause and a consequence of social change” Explain. (2016)
11. “Social change can be brought about through development”. Illustrate from the contemporary situation of India (2016)
12. Explain the relevance of the idea of ‘cultural lag’ in understanding social change. (2015)
13. Examine the dialectical relation between tradition and modernity in the study of social change. (2015)
14. Write a short essay on the Latin American perspective on ‘dependency’. (2014)
15. Examine the social dimensions of displacement induced by development. (150 words) (2013)
16. Illustrate the conflicts and tensions experienced by societies undergoing social change. (2013)
17. Critically examine the cultural theories of social change with suitable examples. (2013)
18. Write short note on the following from a sociological perspective: Theory of Cultural Lag – Ogburn and Nimkoff. (2012)
19. ‘Revolutionary changes have some specific characteristics.’ Discuss with examples. (2012)
20. Write short note on Development and Dependency from a sociological perspective. (In about 150 words) (2011)
21. “Social support mechanism needs to be strengthened for effective implementation of development programmes.” Comment. (2011)
22. Discuss World System Theory in the context of modern society. (2011)
23. Examine the social dimensions of displacement induced by development. (2010)
24. Comment on the critics’ charge that Immanuel Wallerstein’s dependency theory is simplistic and wrong. (2009)
25. Write short note : Education as an agent of social change. (2008)
26. State significance of social policy in social development. Under what conditions a social policy fails to be effective in its performance ? (2006)
27. Human factors involved in directed social change. (2006)
28. Discuss mass education as an instrument of social change and modernization. (2005)
29. Bring out a comparative analysis of Marxian and Parsonian views of social change and examine the relevance of each view for social development in the contemporary India. (2004)
30. Define ‘social policy’. Evaluate the performance of social policy in modernisation of developing societies. (2001)
31. Pit rim A. Sorokin sees the course of history as a continuous but irregular fluctuation between two basically different kinds of culture. While explaining this stand of Sorokin, analyse whether it is appropriate to characterize such a notion of change as a cyclical theory of social change. (2000)
32. Elaborate on the concept of structural change. Discuss the endogenic factors of structural change in a society, with suitable examples. (1999)
33. Critically examine the impact of traditional social structures on the development and functioning of a democratic policy (1996)
34. Explain the classical concept of social change and critically examine the contribution of the linear theories of social change (1995)
35. What is social policy and its relevance to social development? Under what circumstances social policy becomes a hindrance in social development? (1994)
36. Write short note : Modernisation. (1991)
37. Write short note : Directed social change. (1990)
38. How far are social policy and directed social change effective in social development ? (1989)
39. Write short note : Theory of underdevelopment. (1988)
40. Write short note : Planned development in a democracy. (1985)
41. Has development been successful in removing poverty ? Can you relate development to progress ? (1985)
42. Examine the relationship between social structure and social change. Has the Indian social structure facilitated or hindered the process of change ? (1984)
FAQs on Social change in Modern Society and Development
Q. What is the significance of understanding social change in the context of modern society and development?
Ans. Understanding social change in the context of modern society and development is crucial as it provides insights into the dynamics that shape contemporary social, economic, and cultural landscapes. It helps in comprehending the challenges and opportunities that arise from societal transformations, and the role of development in fostering positive change and sustainable growth within communities.
Q. How does social change impact the process of development within a society?
Ans. Social change can significantly impact the process of development by influencing cultural norms, social structures, and institutional frameworks. It may foster inclusive growth, promote social justice, and create opportunities for marginalized communities, thereby contributing to the overall well-being and progress of society.
Q. What are some of the key drivers of social change in modern societies?
Ans. Some key drivers of social change in modern societies include technological advancements, globalization, cultural exchange, demographic shifts, and evolving socio-political movements. These factors contribute to shifts in societal values, cultural practices, and the reconfiguration of social institutions, ultimately shaping the trajectory of social development and transformation.
Q. What are the challenges faced by societies in managing social change while ensuring sustainable development?
Ans. Societies often face challenges in managing social change while ensuring sustainable development, such as addressing inequalities, mitigating environmental degradation, fostering inclusive growth, and promoting cultural preservation. Balancing these priorities requires effective policy frameworks, community engagement, and a holistic approach to development that prioritizes social, economic, and environmental sustainability.
Q. How does the study of social change and development contribute to our understanding of contemporary societal dynamics?
Ans. The study of social change and development provides insights into the complex interactions between societal transformations, economic progress, and cultural dynamics. It helps in analyzing the impact of development policies on social structures, understanding the implications of social change on individual and collective identities, and fostering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities inherent in the contemporary social and developmental landscape.
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