68.Which one of the following movements has
contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress
resulting in the emergence of ‘moderates’ and
‘extremists’?
- a) Swadeshi Movement
- b) Quit India Movement
- c) Non-Cooperation Movement
- d) Civil Disobedience Movement
The correct answer is Option 1.
- Swadeshi movement
- It was the result of the partition of Bengal.
- After the partition of the Bengal Swadeshi and Boycott Movement was adopted as a means of integration.
- It was aimed at self-reliance, self-determination, and self-help.
- Tilak called it Bahiskar Yoga.
- Bande Mataram became the theme song of this movement.
- This along with the Boycott Movement aimed at boycotting foreign-made goods and adopting Indian goods as an alternative.
- Boycotts and public burning of foreign clothes, picketing of shops selling foreign goods were adopted.
- The Shivaji and Ganpati festivals were organized by Tilak to deliver the Swadeshi message to the masses.
- The National College of Bengal was founded with Aurobindo Ghosh as its principal.
- The national education council was established in August 1906.
- It also changed the character of the Indian National Congress.
- The Congress split into moderates and extremists at the Surat session which weakened the Swadeshi Movement. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
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