The intersection of religion and society has long been a focal point of sociological inquiry, offering profound insights into the multifaceted dynamics of belief systems, cultural practices, and their impact on social structures. Within the realm of the UPSC Mains examination, the optional subject of sociology has increasingly emphasized the significance of understanding the intricate relationship between Religion and Society. With a meticulous examination of the UPSC Mains question papers spanning the years 2013 to 2023, this blog aims to unravel the nuanced interplay between religious beliefs, social norms, and the evolving contours of Indian society. By delving into the thematic trends, evolving perspectives, and critical issues highlighted by the UPSC, this blog seeks to provide an insightful roadmap for aspirants navigating the complex terrain of Religion and Society, enabling them to grasp the interwoven complexities that have shaped the socio-religious fabric of contemporary India.
Exploring the diverse tapestry of religious practices, belief systems, and their societal implications, this blog endeavors to offer a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between religion and the socio-cultural landscape. By dissecting the thought-provoking questions posed in the UPSC Mains examinations, it aims to shed light on the transformative power of religious beliefs, the challenges posed by religious diversity, and the evolution of religious thought in response to societal changes. Through this exploration, readers can gain valuable insights into the role of religion in shaping social norms, cultural practices, and the broader dynamics of Indian society, fostering a deeper appreciation of the intricate relationship between religious beliefs and the societal framework.
Religion and Society – Previous Year Questions (UPSC CSE Mains Sociology Optional)
1. Write a note on global trends of secularization. (2022)
2. How do-little tradition and great tradition coexist in contemporary Indian society? (2022)
3. Critically compare the views of E.B. Tylor and Max Muller on Religion. (2021)
4. What is cult? Explain the growth of cults in the contemporary world. (2021)
5. Give your comments on the growth of religious revivalism in the present-day context. (2021
6. State the reasons for the various religious beliefs and practices in pre-modern societies. (2020)
7. Are all world religious patriarchal Substantiate your answer with examples? (2019)
8. What are sects? Discuss the role in multi-religious societies with empirical examples. (2018)
9. Discuss the challenges thrown by religious revivalism to a secular nation- state. (2018)
10. Give an assessment of Durkheimian notion of ‘sacred’ and ‘profane’ in sociology of religion. (2017)
11. Problematise the concept of secularism in the present context. (2017)
12. Elaborate on various types of religious practices prevalent in Indian society. (2017)
13. Is religion playing an important role in increasing fundamentalism ? Give reasons for your answer. (2016)
14. How is Durkheim’s theory of religion different from Max Weber’s theory of religion ? (2016)
15. “Religious pluralism is the order of present-day societies.” Explain by giving suitable examples. (2016)
16. Distinguish between sects and cults with illustrations. (2015)
17. Define Secularisation. What are its major dimensions in the modern world ? (2015)
18. How is religious revivalism different from communalism ? Elaborate with suitable examples from the Indian context. (2014)
19. “Science has empirical means to logical ends and religion has non-empirical means to logical ends.” – Comment. (150 words) (2013)
20. Is religion antithetical to science ? Comment. (2013)
21. Discuss the factors leading to growing religious revivalism in the contemporary world. (2012)
22. Write short note on Cultural Pluralism from a sociological perspective (in about 150 words) (2011)
23. Define sect, cult and religion. In what way do Weber’s views on religion differ from those of Durkheim ? (2011)
24. Examine the social dimensions of religious revivalism and fundamentalism in the context of globalisation. (2010)
25. Write short note on Positive Religion. (2010)
26. “Science has empirical means to logical ends and religion has non – empirical means to logical ends.” Comment (2010)
27. “Science without religion is lame. Religion without science is blind.” Comment on this statement critically in the light of emerging sociological contexts in Europe, USA and India. (2009)
28. Write short note on Secularization of societies in the modern world. (2009)
29. In what important ways can religion be a force both for social stability and social change ? Discuss. (2008)
30. Write short note : Religion and Science. (2006)
31. Write short note : Origins of religious beliefs and practices in premodern societies. (2005)
32. Examine the functional as well as dysfunctional aspects of religion in a pluralistic society taking India and the United States of America as illustrative models. (2004)
33. Write short note : Religion and Science. (2001)
34. Critically examine functional and dysfunctional aspects of religion. (2000)
35. Elaborate on the social necessity of religion. Discuss the relationship between religion and science. (1999)
36. Write short note : Religious pluralism. (1998)
37. Write short note : Fundamentals of religion. (1997)
38. What is happening to religion in the face of challenges of science in modern societies ? Elaborate your answer with the help of sociological literature. (1992)
39. “Religion is said to have emancipated human beings on the one hand but it also alienates them on the other’. Bring out the paradoxical functions religion plays in a modern secular society. (1990)
40. Discuss the role of religion in the world today. Has the supergrowth of science any de- mystifying effect on religion ? (1986)
41. Write short note : Religion and Society. (1985)
42. Write short note : Religious factor in economic development. (1984)
43. Write short note : Religious and scientific world views. (1983)
FAQs on Religion and Society
Q. What is the relationship between religion and society in sociological terms?
Ans. The relationship between religion and society in sociology refers to the intricate interplay between religious beliefs, practices, and institutions on one hand, and the social structures, norms, and cultural dynamics of a society on the other. It explores how religion shapes social values, identities, and behaviors, as well as how societal factors influence religious beliefs and practices.
Q. How does religion contribute to the formation of social identities within a community?
Ans. Religion contributes to the formation of social identities by providing individuals with a sense of belonging, shared values, and a common purpose. It often serves as a basis for the creation of social groups, fostering communal bonds and solidarity, and influencing the development of cultural traditions and practices that define the social fabric of a community.
Q. What are the major functions of religion in society?
Ans. Religion serves various functions in society, including providing a moral framework, fostering social cohesion, offering a sense of meaning and purpose, and guiding ethical conduct. It also plays a role in addressing existential questions, providing comfort during times of crisis, and contributing to the preservation of cultural heritage and traditions.
Q. How does the study of religion contribute to our understanding of historical and contemporary societies?
Ans. The study of religion contributes to our understanding of historical and contemporary societies by providing insights into the role of religious institutions in shaping political structures, cultural practices, and social norms. It helps in analyzing the impact of religious ideologies on societal changes, the dynamics of religious movements, and the ways in which religious thought intersects with broader social, political, and cultural developments.
Q. What are some of the major challenges and debates surrounding the role of religion in modern societies?
Ans. Contemporary debates surrounding the role of religion in modern societies revolve around issues such as secularism, religious extremism, the separation of church and state, religious freedoms, and the impact of globalization on religious identities. Understanding and engaging with these debates is crucial in navigating the complexities of the interplay between religion and contemporary societal dynamics.
In case you still have your doubts, contact us on 9811333901.
For UPSC Prelims Resources, Click here
For Daily Updates and Study Material:
Join our Telegram Channel – Edukemy for IAS
- 1. Learn through Videos – here
- 2. Be Exam Ready by Practicing Daily MCQs – here
- 3. Daily Newsletter – Get all your Current Affairs Covered – here
- 4. Mains Answer Writing Practice – here
