Participative governance is a model of governance that emphasizes the active participation of citizens and stakeholders in the decision-making process of government. It is based on the idea that people who are affected by decisions should have a say in those decisions. Participative governance seeks to increase public participation and involvement in the policymaking process, as well as in the implementation and evaluation of government policies and programs.

The key features of participative governance include:

• Collaboration: Collaboration between government and citizens is the cornerstone of participative governance. This involves developing partnerships and relationships between government officials, citizens, and stakeholders to identify and address public concerns.
• Transparency: Transparency is essential to participative governance. Government officials must be open about their decision-making processes and be willing to share information with the public.
• Accountability: Participative governance emphasizes accountability. Government officials must be held accountable for their decisions, and citizens should have the ability to hold them responsible.
• Inclusiveness: Participative governance aims to include a diverse range of perspectives and voices in the decision-making process. It recognizes that different groups have different needs and interests and seeks to ensure that all voices are heard.
• Empowerment: Participative governance seeks to empower citizens by giving them a greater role in decision-making. This can include providing access to information, resources, and training to help citizens participate effectively.

The Indian Constitution provides several provisions that ensure participative governance in the country. These provisions include:

• Fundamental Rights: The Constitution of India provides fundamental rights to all citizens, including the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to form associations, and the right to participate in peaceful assemblies. These rights ensure that citizens can express their views and participate in the decisionmaking process.
• Directive Principles of State Policy: The Directive Principles of State Policy are guidelines for the government to follow while making laws and policies. These principles aim to promote the welfare of the people and ensure their participation in the decision-making process.
• Panchayati Raj Institutions: The Indian Constitution provides for Panchayati Raj Institutions, which are local self-government bodies at the village, block, and district levels. These institutions ensure participatory democracy by allowing citizens to participate in the decision-making process at the grassroots level.
• Right to Information: The Right to Information Act, 2005, provides citizens with the right to access information held by public authorities. This act ensures transparency and accountability in government functioning and allows citizens to participate in the decision-making process.
• Constitutional Amendments: The Constitution of India has been amended several times to ensure participative governance. For example, the 73rd and 74th Amendments introduced the concept of local selfgovernment and empowered local bodies to participate in decision-making at the grassroots level.