It refers to the fundamental principles or standards that determine whether an action is right or wrong. It is the study of what makes an action morally good or morally bad, and the consequences that follow from performing such actions. Morality provides a framework for ethical decision-making and guides human behavior toward what is considered to be morally right.

The essence of the morality of human actions is a complex concept that has been studied by various philosophers and scholars throughout history. One of the key elements of morality is the principle of intention, which holds that the morality of an action depends on the intention behind it. In other words, if the intention of an action is good, then the action is morally good, and vice versa.

Another important aspect of the essence of the morality of human actions is the concept of duty or obligation. According to this concept, an action can be morally right or wrong depending on whether it fulfills a person's duty or obligation to others. For example, a doctor has a duty to save lives, and therefore, withholding medical treatment from a patient in need would be considered morally wrong.

The essence of the morality of human actions also includes the concept of consequentialism, which holds that the morality of an action is determined by its consequences. This means that an action is morally right if it leads to positive consequences and morally wrong if it leads to negative consequences. For example, if lying leads to the harm of others, then it is considered morally wrong.

Additionally, the essence of morality of human actions is often closely tied to the concept of virtues. Virtues are qualities or characteristics that are considered to be morally good, such as honesty, compassion, and integrity. Actions that are in line with these virtues are considered to be morally good, while actions that go against them are considered to be morally bad.