Need for separation of public and private relationship

1. Domain of Influence: The domain of influence refers to the scope of impact that personal relationships and professional duties have on each other. It is crucial to maintain a clear distinction between these two domains to avoid any interference with one another. For instance, the conduct of a civil servant in their personal life should not affect their work or vice versa. This separation ensures the sanctity of both relationships and prevents any negative impact on either.
2. Conflicting Roles: The roles of personal and professional domains are not always in harmony and can be in a conflicting position. It is essential to keep these domains separate to avoid confusion and maintain clarity in each role. For example, King Dhritrashtra's conduct in mixing personal and professional relationships led to the Mahabharata war, where he behaved more like a father than a king, resulting in a disastrous outcome.
3. Potential Conflict of Interest: To avoid any conflicts of interest, strict separation of personal and professional life is necessary. This ensures that civil servants do not face charges of nepotism or favoritism, even if they have never shown any bias. Adhering to this separation helps maintain public trust and upholds public service values.
4. Divergence of Values: Personal relationships are governed by the value of confidentiality, whereas public relationships demand openness. Maintaining a clear separation between these domains is essential to prevent any conflicts arising from the divergence of values. For example, public figures' personal lives should not be subjected to public scrutiny, as it can cause significant mental distress. A case in point is Dr. Shashi Tharoor's life, where his wife's mysterious death led to false accusations of abetment of suicide, causing immense distress. Recently, the court has given him a clean chit.

Limitations:

1. Lack of transparency
2. Perception of bias
3. Limited Communication
4. Difficulty in Maintaining Confidentiality
5. Lack of Accountability