The division of resources during the partition of India was a complex and challenging task. The two countries were divided along religious lines, with Muslims predominantly living in the western and eastern regions of British India, and Hindus and Sikhs predominantly living in the central and northern regions. However, there were also large minority populations in all regions.

The Radcliffe Commission, which was appointed to draw the borders between India and Pakistan, faced a number of challenges in dividing the resources of the British Indian empire. The commission had to take into account the following factors:

• The geographical distribution of resources, such as land, water, minerals, and forests.
• The economic needs of the two countries.
• The interests of minority populations.
• The need to avoid widespread violence and displacement of people.

The Radcliffe Commission's award divided British India into two new countries, India and Pakistan. However, the award also left a number of challenges unresolved. One of the biggest challenges was the division of irrigation resources. The Indus River basin, which is one of the most important irrigation systems in the world, was divided between India and Pakistan. The Radcliffe Commission awarded the western part of the Indus River basin to Pakistan and the eastern part to India. However, the commission did not specify how the water resources of the Indus River basin would be shared between the two countries.

Another challenge was the division of infrastructure, such as railways, roads, and canals. The Radcliffe Commission divided the railway network of British India between India and Pakistan. However, the commission did not specify how the two countries would share the railway network. As a result, there were a number of border disputes between India and Pakistan over the use of railways.

The division of resources also had a negative impact on the economies of India and Pakistan. Both countries lost access to important resources, such as markets, labor, and raw materials. This led to economic hardship and poverty on both sides of the border.

The following are some of the specific challenges associated with the division of resources during the partition of India:

• Division of land and water resources: The Indus River basin, which is one of the most important irrigation systems in the world, was divided between India and Pakistan. The Radcliffe Commission did not specify how the water resources of the Indus River basin would be shared between the two countries. This led to a number of disputes between India and Pakistan over the use of water.
• Division of infrastructure: The railway network of British India was divided between India and Pakistan. The Radcliffe Commission did not specify how the two countries would share the railway network. This led to a number of border disputes between India and Pakistan over the use of railways.
• Division of economic resources: Both India and Pakistan lost access to important economic resources, such as markets, labor, and raw materials. This led to economic hardship and poverty on both sides of the border.
• Displacement of people: The partition of India led to the displacement of millions of people. The displaced people often lost their homes, businesses, and land. This led to social and economic problems on both sides of the border.

The challenges associated with the division of resources during the partition of India had a profound impact on the economies and societies of India and Pakistan. The two countries have been struggling to address these challenges for over seven decades.